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The Monuments of Kathmandu Valley

Rolf Gross 1999

Towns and Monuments of the Kathmandu Valley

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Kathmandu *

 

2

Gyaneshvara

Sub.Kathm. Shiva-Panchalinga-Bairava T.

3

Harigaon

Sub.Kathmandu: Vishnu on -Garuda, 5.cent

4

Dhumvarahi

Site! Varahi sculpt 7.cent, across from 6

5

Pashupatinath *

Shiva sanct., Cremation site

6

Chabahil

6.cent Buddh.site, Stupa, plinth: 6/7cent reliefs, stand. 6cent Buddha, votiv stupas

7

Bodnath*

large Stupa in mandala of houses Tib. center

8

Gokarna

Roy.Hunt, one of oldest Shiva T. 19.cent rep.

9

Sundarijal

popul.excursion, Goddess.= stones <13cent

10

SankhuVajrayogini

17cent on hill above Newar town View!

11

Thimi

Pottery town, Kumari sanct.Daksh.Varahi sh.

12

Bakhtapur*

13

Changu Narayan*

Site! View! #1 important Vishnu Narayan

14

Surya Vinyaka Temp

Shikhara, Ganesh of the First Sun

15

Patan*

 

16

Koteshvar Mahadav

Shiva+Vishnu Narayan Sct, confl. 2 rivers

17

Lubhu

Mahal-lakshmi T. exo town, wood carvings

18

Harisiddhi

Goddess H.Bavani w/rare 4 level T.17/18cent

19

Thaibo

Sanataneshvara Mahadeva T.on hill: view!

20

Bandegaon

#4 Vishnu-Narayana T.in a cave E of village

21

Godavari

hist.Licchavi, marble fact.,Bot Gard. 9 springs

22

Tchekho

Bulkumari + Brahmanyani T. 17.cent

23

Chapagaon

3-head.Brahma (500),Vajna Varahi T 17.cent

24

Khokana

Shikhali Devi Sanct. Karya Vinayak see 25!

25

Bungamati (Bagmati)

Matsyendranath cult, bldg. 19.cent, out.vill.:

Karya Vinayaka T. impt.Ganesh sanct. site!

26

Kirtipur*

Site! Oldest settlm. in Valley,medieval town

27

Chobar

Site! Buddh. Adinath T, Shikhara shrine, Jal Vinayaka T. Ganesh (1602). column w/rat

28

Pharping

Site! Dakshin Kali(!) Vajra Yogini, Shikha Narayan betw.Chobar+Pharp. 13cent sculpt.

29

Macchegaon

site! : temple on island in village lake view!

30

Matathirta

historically import. first dynasty in valley

31

Thankot

Mahalakshmi Temple 1690 site!

32

Svayambunath*

Site! View!

33

Ichangu Narayan*

View! #4 important Narayan Sanct. on hill

34

Balaju

suburb,water gard.,17.cent #3Vishnu/snake.

35

Budanilkanth

642, #1 Vishnu sanct. on the snake

36

Vishankhu Narayan

Site! View! 4th Vishnu, mountain above 21

37

Banepa

Chandeshvari T. site! huge Bhairava painting

38

Panauti

15.ct Indreshvara T; !663 Krishna T at confluence + Brahmayani T 1617 across, murals

 

Architectural Monuments of Kathmandu

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Singha Durbar

1903 huge Palace, now seat of government

2

Bhadrakali shrine

9.cent; Bh. form of Vaishnavi, also Nilakali

3

Sundhara

large basin-well

4

Dharahara

1832/1934, military observ. tower

5

Mahakala-Bairava

9.cent foundation/1934 used by Buddh + Hindu, old black cult image, Licchav. Stupa

6

Rani Pokhari

1670, artfical lake, king on horse, mod. blgs.

7

Bahadur Bhavan

1889 islam. imitat. once Royal Hotel

8

Kaisher Mahal

1895/1908 Library

9

Narayanhiti Durbar

present Royal Palace

10

Narayanhiti Dhara

well of hist. impt. across from Royal Palace

11

Tham Baha

<9.cent, one of oldest Bud. viharas Thamel, in yard 10/11 cent. votive stupa

12

Kwa Baha

today 17.cent monastry, much older foundation

13

Kathesimbhu stupa

1450/16cent,7-8.cnt reliefs, Avalokiteshvara stele 9.cnt, today Tibetan center

14

Dhoka Baha

vihara with important 7.cent votiv stupa

15

Anapurna Temple

small 3-tier in Asan Tole, decor! The goddess represented by silver vase+ snake, once a tree sanctuary

16

Shveta Matsyendranath

9./15.cent Vishnu T.: White Matsyendranath temple.+ vihara

17

Akasha Bhairava

oldest temple Indra Chowk, huge Bhairava mask on second floor

18

Itum Baha

one of oldest Buddh.vihara W. of 17, fierce image moved 5, in yard 17.cent woodwork

19

Yathka Baha

Buddh.vihara, important 14.cent. wooden roof-struts

20

Shevtakali Naradevi

9/16 cnt large tpl., festival of dancing White Goddess

21

Raktakali

small tpl. dedicated to/from Dakshinkali

22

Kankeshvari T.

9-19.cnt; stone game/sacrifice of boys

23

Bhimsen Temple

1650, 3-story bldg.

24

Jaisi Deval

1695, Shiva sanct.steles w/Licchavi inscript

25

Tukan Baha

Stupa w/ 8.cent reliefs in base (south of 24)

26

Kohiti

old well west of 24, former city center

27

Tripureshvara T.

1818 huge impressive Shiva T. on Bagmati R.

28

Singha Mahal

1919 large palace on hill above Bagmati

17

Indra Chowk

 

15

Assan Tole

 

 

Architectural Monuments in Kathmandu Durbar Square

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1

Taleju Temple

1564, renov. 1990

2

Tana Deval

1501

3

Garuda statue

6. cent

4

Mahendreshvara (Pashupatinath) T.

(1560 like 4.) /1934, benign Shiva

5

Jagannath (Narayana) T.

1560 original form (Vishnu)

6

Degutale Temple

1610

7

Pratapamalla column

1650

8

Kala Bhairava relief

ferrocious black Bhairav : Shiva/Kali

9

Shveta Bhairava

1796 benign white Bhairav/Shiva

10

octagonal temple

1649 Krishna

11

Hanuman Dhoka port+stat

1672 (Portal 1820)

12

large Hall - throne room

1820

13

Nasal Chowk (coronat. crt)

Vishnu+Narsimha statue 1673

14

circular Hanuman Temple

 

15

Mul Chowk

18. cent

16

Basantapur Chowk

1709

17

Basanthapur Durbar

18.cent

18

Mohan Chowk

17. cent

19

Sundhara Chowk

17. cent

20

Pratamalla Inscription

17.cent : 4 languagues

21

Jalashaya Narayan

17.cent gard+Vishnu/snake 7.cent

22

Trailokya Mohan Mandir

1682 Vishnu temple

23

Garuda

1690 copy of 8.cent statue

24

Shiva Mandir

1690

25

Gaddi Baithak

1908 bldg, imitates London!

26

Kumari Chowk

Kumari palace

27

Shiva-Parvati Mandir

S+P looking out of window 1770

28

Kasthamandapa

tradit. 17 cent. but likely <11.cent.

29

Ashoka Vinayaha

small most import. Ganesh temple

30

Manduhiti Dhara

well

31

Simhasattal

1863Garuda Narayan sculpt inside

32

Kravindapur

18.cent, Nrityanatha sculpt inside

28

Maru Tole

11.cent. center of Kathmandu

 

 

Architectural Monuments of Patan

1

Ashoka Stupas

4.cent, 4 large stupas surrounding Patan (s.5)

2

Khumbeshvara T.

most imp. Shiva tempel Patan’s. 4. cent Vasuki+Vishnu stele, ligam: center of Patan

3

Kwa Bahal

richest Buddh vihara Patan’s: 3.cent Hariti, 9.cent bronzes, second floor Tibet gompa

4

Bal Kumari T.

collumn w/peacock

5

Guita Bahal

vihara w/2 stupas ascribed to Ashoka 622 outside city, import Kumari sanct. (4. cent)

6

Bhimche Bahal

Buddh.vihara (peacock T.) 7.cent statues

7

Saugal Tole

square w/Naranya shrine+image 6.cnt.

8

Mahabuddha T.

1578, 1934 Buddh. t.+vihara, terracotta reliefs

9

Woku Bahal

vihara, S. of 8

10

Minanath Temple

Tamgah Bahal

1460, smaller brother of 11 in vihara, 6.cent stupas in courtyard, well S-E of 11

11

Matsyendranath T. in Tah Bahal

17.cent in Tah bahal : Rato Matsyendranath originally in Bugamati, in an older(?) vihara

12

Jawalakhel

suburb: Rana palaces, zoo, tib.rug manufact.

 

 

Architectural Monuments in Patan Durbar Square

 

 

 

 

1

Degutale T.

Malla family temple

2

Y.N. Malla Column

1690 father Yoga Narendra Malla and son Harihara Simha Malla first king of Patan!

3

Manikeshar Chowk

palace of government

4

Narayana Temple

1566 oldest T. Vishnu Narayan

5

Krishna Temple

 

6

Garuda Column

 

7

Mul Chowk

palace, orig. temp. seat of Taleju

8

Octagonal Temple

 

9

Taleju Bell

1737 same year as Taleju bell in Bakhtapur

10

Sundhara Chowk

former living quarter of king, circular fountain with Vishnu+Lakshmi on Garuda, nagas, tantric gods in niches

11

old Palace Gardens

 

12

Cyasilim Deval

1723/1934 octagonal T. Krishna+Radha

13

Harishankar T.

1706 manifest. Vishnu/Shiva memorial for YN.Malla by his powerful wife Yogamati

14

Vishveshvara T.

1627 Shiva Vish., nandi, elephants

15

Mani Dhara

well

16

Mani Mandapa

meeting hall where astrologers determined Matsyendranath-procession, naga throne for king, 15,16,17,18,19 oldest center of town

17

south Mandapa

probably the older building

18

Mani Ganesh

 

19

Bhimsen Temple

1680 protector god, prob. center of old town

 

 

 

  

Architectural Monuments in Bhaktapur

1

Chaturarna Maha Vihara

small Buddh. sanct. Durga relief, Uma Maheshvara stele, dancing Ganesh all 14.cent, living Kumari 18cent.

2

Chandi Bhagvati Shrine

 

3

Chupin Ghat

among oldest sanct. ,temple 19.cent

4

Dattatreya Temple

large archaic struct 15.cent sculpt 19.cent on Tachapal Tole east part of town

5

Bhimsen Temple

1655 (Tachapal Tole)

6

Pujari Math

wood carvings 1550 (Tachapa Tole)

7

Vakupati Narayan T.

1638 Vishn T. metal work, Garuda col. 1408

8

Nava Durga Temple

Sanct. of 9 Durgas

9

Hanuman Ghat

1650

10

Potter’s Tole

straight south+down from Durbar Square

11

Taumadhi Tole

south-east of Durbar Square

 

 

Architectural Monuments, Palace Square, Bakhtapur

 

 

 

 

 

1

Sundokha - Golden Door

entr. Mul Chowk, 18cent, 10 arms-Taleju on turtle with Shri+Lakshmi; sides: prot., vase, Bahirav+Bhagavati,Ganesh+Kumari, Kali

2

B.T. Malla column

1753 monolith 1,2,3 from same artist

3

Taleju Bell

1737 (like that in Patan)

4

former Palace Gate

 

5

Basantapur Durbar

Basantap. Palace destroyed by earth quakes

6

55-Windows-Palace

17cent murals Museum access West side

7

Sandashiva Chowk

Bairava sanct-courtyard (closed) (1640)

8

Mul Chowk

Taleju Shrine (1330?) courtyard (closed)

9

Kumari (Eta) Chowk

Kumari/Durga sanct-courtyard (closed)

10

Naga Pokhari

1650 large bathing pond

11

Vatsala Temple

1650 shikara! to fierce Goddess, entrance W.

12

Siddhi Lakshmi Temp

1696 shikara-tower!, non relig. sculptures

13

Yaksheshvara Temp.

1460 Shiva T.

14

Dvarikanath Temp

1680 orig. Vishnu Narayan, now Krishna

15

Nyatapola Temple

1703 5-tier Temple to secret Goddess

16

Bhairava Temple

1717 Bhairav on second level! mask outside

17

Chaturvarna Maha Vihara

1490 small Buddh. sanct. Durga relief, Uma Maheshvara stele, dancing Ganesh all 14.cent, living Kumari 18cent.

18

Taumadhi Tole

center Bakhtapur: unaffected by 1934 earthquake

19

Potter’s Square

many potters working in open shacks

 

Svayambhunath

1

Stairs from East

2

Vajra

1670, on drum with 12 animals of Chin. atrol. calendar

3

Shikhara Towers

1670,inside:Vajrayogini+Ugratara in yab-yum, off-set towers: focusses Sv. on Kathmandu

4

Stupa

Stupa 14.cent, five niches with animals of Buddhas+eyes 17cent,associat.with Naga cult

5

Hariti (Sitala) Temp.

bldg 18.cent, Licchavi site of Buddh.Hariti T. later Sitala (Hindu goddess for pocks!)

6

Buddha Shakyamuni

9/10 cent or a 1619 copy !

7

Licchavi Stupa

9.cent monolith, Buddhas: 5/6 cent

8

Shantipur

mysterious Build. on old Rain(Naga) sanctuary, dating of sculptures questionable

9

new Tibetan Gompa

 

 

Changu Narayan, Statues in Temple Yard

1

Garuda Narayan T.

site <600,pres.bldg.1708, copy of Pashupatinath

2

Tempel of a devi

3

column (partly sunk)

5.cent inscript. King Manadeva’s

4

Garuda

5./6.cent once on top of 3

5,6

2 Garudasana Vishnu

9.cent, Vishnu on Garuda (=image in T.)

7

Vishnu,Lakshmi, Garuda

10.cent relief in a wall

8

Vishnu Vikrantha

9.cent relief! at horse fest V. as dwarf tricks King Bali to give him World + Underworld, Lakshmi+Garuda watch

9

Vishvarupa Vishnu

many-bodied Vishnu

9.cent 10-head.V.on Ananta underworld snake, fem.earth +2 nagas sup. feet V.’s

10

Narasimha

13.cent, V’s lion-form, Lakshmi+Garuda

11

B. L. Malla Shrine

1695 King and Queen kneel., widow outside (1704)

 

 Kirtipur

Well preserved medieval city. Possibly oldest settlement in valley singular hill-side setting.

1

Uma Maheshvara T.

1673 Shiva+Parvati in poor cond. View!

2

Bagh Bhairava T.

16 cent. Bhairava as Tiger without tongue, exc. wood carvings, murals, 4.cent fig. mother devi, 6.cent Shiva stat. in front of temple

3

Chilandeo Stupa

1509 large Stupa