Return to "Texts", Table of Contents
The Monuments of Kathmandu Valley
Rolf Gross 1999
Towns and Monuments of the Kathmandu Valley
|
1 |
Kathmandu * |
|
2 |
Gyaneshvara |
Sub.Kathm. Shiva-Panchalinga-Bairava T. |
|
3 |
Harigaon |
Sub.Kathmandu: Vishnu on -Garuda, 5.cent |
|
4 |
Dhumvarahi |
Site! Varahi sculpt 7.cent, across from 6 |
|
5 |
Pashupatinath * |
Shiva sanct., Cremation site |
|
6 |
Chabahil |
6.cent Buddh.site, Stupa, plinth: 6/7cent reliefs, stand. 6cent Buddha, votiv stupas |
|
7 |
Bodnath* |
large Stupa in mandala of houses Tib. center |
|
8 |
Gokarna |
Roy.Hunt, one of oldest Shiva T. 19.cent rep. |
|
9 |
Sundarijal |
popul.excursion, Goddess.= stones <13cent |
|
10 |
SankhuVajrayogini |
17cent on hill above Newar town View! |
|
11 |
Thimi |
Pottery town, Kumari sanct.Daksh.Varahi sh. |
|
12 |
Bakhtapur* |
||
13 |
Changu Narayan* |
Site! View! #1 important Vishnu Narayan |
|
14 |
Surya Vinyaka Temp |
Shikhara, Ganesh of the First Sun |
|
15 |
Patan* |
|
|
16 |
Koteshvar Mahadav |
Shiva+Vishnu Narayan Sct, confl. 2 rivers |
|
17 |
Lubhu |
Mahal-lakshmi T. exo town, wood carvings |
|
18 |
Harisiddhi |
Goddess H.Bavani w/rare 4 level T.17/18cent |
|
19 |
Thaibo |
Sanataneshvara Mahadeva T.on hill: view! |
|
20 |
Bandegaon |
#4 Vishnu-Narayana T.in a cave E of village |
|
21 |
Godavari |
hist.Licchavi, marble fact.,Bot Gard. 9 springs |
|
22 |
Tchekho |
Bulkumari + Brahmanyani T. 17.cent |
|
23 |
Chapagaon |
3-head.Brahma (500),Vajna Varahi T 17.cent |
|
24 |
Khokana |
Shikhali Devi Sanct. Karya Vinayak see 25! |
|
25 |
Bungamati (Bagmati) |
Matsyendranath cult, bldg. 19.cent, out.vill.: Karya Vinayaka T. impt.Ganesh sanct. site! |
|
26 |
Kirtipur* |
Site! Oldest settlm. in Valley,medieval town |
|
27 |
Chobar |
Site! Buddh. Adinath T, Shikhara shrine, Jal Vinayaka T. Ganesh (1602). column w/rat |
|
28 |
Pharping |
Site! Dakshin Kali(!) Vajra Yogini, Shikha Narayan betw.Chobar+Pharp. 13cent sculpt. |
|
29 |
Macchegaon |
site! : temple on island in village lake view! |
|
30 |
Matathirta |
historically import. first dynasty in valley |
|
31 |
Thankot |
Mahalakshmi Temple 1690 site! |
|
32 |
Svayambunath* |
Site! View! |
|
33 |
Ichangu Narayan * |
View! #4 important Narayan Sanct. on hill |
|
34 |
Balaju |
suburb,water gard.,17.cent #3Vishnu/snake. |
|
35 |
Budanilkanth |
642, #1 Vishnu sanct. on the snake |
|
36 |
Vishankhu Narayan |
Site! View! 4th Vishnu, mountain above 21 |
|
37 |
Banepa |
Chandeshvari T. site! huge Bhairava painting |
|
38 |
Panauti |
15.ct Indreshvara T; !663 Krishna T at confluence + Brahmayani T 1617 across, murals |
Architectural Monuments of Kathmandu
|
1 |
Singha Durbar |
1903 huge Palace, now seat of government |
2 |
Bhadrakali shrine |
9.cent; Bh. form of Vaishnavi, also Nilakali |
|
3 |
Sundhara |
large basin-well |
|
4 |
Dharahara |
1832/1934, military observ. tower |
|
5 |
Mahakala-Bairava |
9.cent foundation/1934 used by Buddh + Hindu, old black cult image, Licchav. Stupa |
|
6 |
Rani Pokhari |
1670, artfical lake, king on horse, mod. blgs. |
|
7 |
Bahadur Bhavan |
1889 islam. imitat. once Royal Hotel |
|
8 |
Kaisher Mahal |
1895/1908 Library |
|
9 |
Narayanhiti Durbar |
present Royal Palace |
|
10 |
Narayanhiti Dhara |
well of hist. impt. across from Royal Palace |
|
11 |
Tham Baha |
<9.cent, one of oldest Bud. viharas Thamel, in yard 10/11 cent. votive stupa |
|
12 |
Kwa Baha |
today 17.cent monastry, much older foundation |
|
13 |
Kathesimbhu stupa |
1450/16cent,7-8.cnt reliefs, Avalokiteshvara stele 9.cnt, today Tibetan center |
|
14 |
Dhoka Baha |
vihara with important 7.cent votiv stupa |
|
15 |
Anapurna Temple |
small 3-tier in Asan Tole, decor! The goddess represented by silver vase+ snake, once a tree sanctuary |
|
16 |
Shveta Matsyendranath |
9./15.cent Vishnu T.: White Matsyendranath temple.+ vihara |
|
17 |
Akasha Bhairava |
oldest temple Indra Chowk, huge Bhairava mask on second floor |
|
18 |
Itum Baha |
one of oldest Buddh.vihara W. of 17, fierce image moved 5, in yard 17.cent woodwork |
|
19 |
Yathka Baha |
Buddh.vihara, important 14.cent. wooden roof-struts |
|
20 |
Shevtakali Naradevi |
9/16 cnt large tpl., festival of dancing White Goddess |
|
21 |
Raktakali |
small tpl. dedicated to/from Dakshinkali |
|
22 |
Kankeshvari T. |
9-19.cnt; stone game/sacrifice of boys |
|
23 |
Bhimsen Temple |
1650, 3-story bldg. |
|
24 |
Jaisi Deval |
1695, Shiva sanct.steles w/Licchavi inscript |
|
25 |
Tukan Baha |
Stupa w/ 8.cent reliefs in base (south of 24) |
|
26 |
Kohiti |
old well west of 24, former city center |
|
27 |
Tripureshvara T. |
1818 huge impressive Shiva T. on Bagmati R. |
|
28 |
Singha Mahal |
1919 large palace on hill above Bagmati |
|
17 |
Indra Chowk |
|
|
15 |
Assan Tole |
|
Architectural Monuments in Kathmandu Durbar Square
|
1 |
Taleju Temple |
1564, renov. 1990 |
2 |
Tana Deval |
1501 |
|
3 |
Garuda statue |
6. cent |
|
4 |
Mahendreshvara (Pashupatinath) T. |
(1560 like 4.) /1934, benign Shiva |
|
5 |
Jagannath (Narayana) T. |
1560 original form (Vishnu) |
|
6 |
Degutale Temple |
1610 |
|
7 |
Pratapamalla column |
1650 |
|
8 |
Kala Bhairava relief |
ferrocious black Bhairav : Shiva/Kali |
|
9 |
Shveta Bhairava |
1796 benign white Bhairav/Shiva |
|
10 |
octagonal temple |
1649 Krishna |
|
11 |
Hanuman Dhoka port+stat |
1672 (Portal 1820) |
|
12 |
large Hall - throne room |
1820 |
|
13 |
Nasal Chowk (coronat. crt) |
Vishnu+Narsimha statue 1673 |
|
14 |
circular Hanuman Temple |
|
|
15 |
Mul Chowk |
18. cent |
|
16 |
Basantapur Chowk |
1709 |
|
17 |
Basanthapur Durbar |
18.cent |
|
18 |
Mohan Chowk |
17. cent |
|
19 |
Sundhara Chowk |
17. cent |
|
20 |
Pratamalla Inscription |
17.cent : 4 languagues |
|
21 |
Jalashaya Narayan |
17.cent gard+Vishnu/snake 7.cent |
|
22 |
Trailokya Mohan Mandir |
1682 Vishnu temple |
|
23 |
Garuda |
1690 copy of 8.cent statue |
|
24 |
Shiva Mandir |
1690 |
|
25 |
Gaddi Baithak |
1908 bldg, imitates London! |
|
26 |
Kumari Chowk |
Kumari palace |
|
27 |
Shiva-Parvati Mandir |
S+P looking out of window 1770 |
|
28 |
Kasthamandapa |
tradit. 17 cent. but likely <11.cent. |
|
29 |
Ashoka Vinayaha |
small most import. Ganesh temple |
|
30 |
Manduhiti Dhara |
well |
|
31 |
Simhasattal |
1863Garuda Narayan sculpt inside |
|
32 |
Kravindapur |
18.cent, Nrityanatha sculpt inside |
|
28 |
Maru Tole |
11.cent. center of Kathmandu |
Architectural Monuments of Patan
1 |
Ashoka Stupas |
4.cent, 4 large stupas surrounding Patan (s.5) |
|
2 |
Khumbeshvara T. |
most imp. Shiva tempel Patan’s. 4. cent Vasuki+Vishnu stele, ligam: center of Patan |
|
3 |
Kwa Bahal |
richest Buddh vihara Patan’s: 3.cent Hariti, 9.cent bronzes, second floor Tibet gompa |
|
4 |
Bal Kumari T. |
collumn w/peacock |
|
5 |
Guita Bahal |
vihara w/2 stupas ascribed to Ashoka 622 outside city, import Kumari sanct. (4. cent) |
|
6 |
Bhimche Bahal |
Buddh.vihara (peacock T.) 7.cent statues |
|
7 |
Saugal Tole |
square w/Naranya shrine+image 6.cnt. |
|
8 |
Mahabuddha T. |
1578, 1934 Buddh. t.+vihara, terracotta reliefs |
|
9 |
Woku Bahal |
vihara, S. of 8 |
|
10 |
Minanath Temple Tamgah Bahal |
1460, smaller brother of 11 in vihara, 6.cent stupas in courtyard, well S-E of 11 |
|
11 |
Matsyendranath T. in Tah Bahal |
17.cent in Tah bahal : Rato Matsyendranath originally in Bugamati, in an older(?) vihara |
|
12 |
Jawalakhel |
suburb: Rana palaces, zoo, tib.rug manufact. |
Architectural Monuments in Patan Durbar Square
|
1 |
Degutale T. |
Malla family temple |
2 |
Y.N. Malla Column |
1690 father Yoga Narendra Malla and son Harihara Simha Malla first king of Patan! |
|
3 |
Manikeshar Chowk |
palace of government |
|
4 |
Narayana Temple |
1566 oldest T. Vishnu Narayan |
|
5 |
Krishna Temple |
|
|
6 |
Garuda Column |
|
|
7 |
Mul Chowk |
palace, orig. temp. seat of Taleju |
|
8 |
Octagonal Temple |
|
|
9 |
Taleju Bell |
1737 same year as Taleju bell in Bakhtapur |
|
10 |
Sundhara Chowk |
former living quarter of king, circular fountain with Vishnu+Lakshmi on Garuda, nagas, tantric gods in niches |
|
11 |
old Palace Gardens |
|
|
12 |
Cyasilim Deval |
1723/1934 octagonal T. Krishna+Radha |
|
13 |
Harishankar T. |
1706 manifest. Vishnu/Shiva memorial for YN.Malla by his powerful wife Yogamati |
|
14 |
Vishveshvara T. |
1627 Shiva Vish., nandi, elephants |
|
15 |
Mani Dhara |
well |
|
16 |
Mani Mandapa |
meeting hall where astrologers determined Matsyendranath-procession, naga throne for king, 15,16,17,18,19 oldest center of town |
|
17 |
south Mandapa |
probably the older building |
|
18 |
Mani Ganesh |
|
|
19 |
Bhimsen Temple |
1680 protector god, prob. center of old town |
|
|
|
|
Architectural Monuments in Bhaktapur
1 |
Chaturarna Maha Vihara |
small Buddh. sanct. Durga relief, Uma Maheshvara stele, dancing Ganesh all 14.cent, living Kumari 18cent. |
|
2 |
Chandi Bhagvati Shrine |
|
|
3 |
Chupin Ghat |
among oldest sanct. ,temple 19.cent |
|
4 |
Dattatreya Temple |
large archaic struct 15.cent sculpt 19.cent on Tachapal Tole east part of town |
|
5 |
Bhimsen Temple |
1655 (Tachapal Tole) |
|
6 |
Pujari Math |
wood carvings 1550 (Tachapa Tole) |
|
7 |
Vakupati Narayan T. |
1638 Vishn T. metal work, Garuda col. 1408 |
|
8 |
Nava Durga Temple |
Sanct. of 9 Durgas |
|
9 |
Hanuman Ghat |
1650 |
|
10 |
Potter’s Tole |
straight south+down from Durbar Square |
|
11 |
Taumadhi Tole |
south-east of Durbar Square |
Architectural Monuments, Palace Square, Bakhtapur
|
1 |
Sundokha - Golden Door |
entr. Mul Chowk, 18cent, 10 arms-Taleju on turtle with Shri+Lakshmi; sides: prot., vase, Bahirav+Bhagavati,Ganesh+Kumari, Kali |
2 |
B.T. Malla column |
1753 monolith 1,2,3 from same artist |
|
3 |
Taleju Bell |
1737 (like that in Patan) |
|
4 |
former Palace Gate |
|
|
5 |
Basantapur Durbar |
Basantap. Palace destroyed by earth quakes |
|
6 |
55-Windows-Palace |
17cent murals Museum access West side |
|
7 |
Sandashiva Chowk |
Bairava sanct-courtyard (closed) (1640) |
|
8 |
Mul Chowk |
Taleju Shrine (1330?) courtyard (closed) |
|
9 |
Kumari (Eta) Chowk |
Kumari/Durga sanct-courtyard (closed) |
|
10 |
Naga Pokhari |
1650 large bathing pond |
|
11 |
Vatsala Temple |
1650 shikara! to fierce Goddess, entrance W. |
|
12 |
Siddhi Lakshmi Temp |
1696 shikara-tower!, non relig. sculptures |
|
13 |
Yaksheshvara Temp. |
1460 Shiva T. |
|
14 |
Dvarikanath Temp |
1680 orig. Vishnu Narayan, now Krishna |
|
15 |
Nyatapola Temple |
1703 5-tier Temple to secret Goddess |
|
16 |
Bhairava Temple |
1717 Bhairav on second level! mask outside |
|
17 |
Chaturvarna Maha Vihara |
1490 small Buddh. sanct. Durga relief, Uma Maheshvara stele, dancing Ganesh all 14.cent, living Kumari 18cent. |
|
18 |
Taumadhi Tole |
center Bakhtapur: unaffected by 1934 earthquake |
|
19 |
Potter’s Square |
many potters working in open shacks |
Svayambhunath
1 |
Stairs from East |
||
2 |
Vajra |
1670, on drum with 12 animals of Chin. atrol. calendar |
|
3 |
Shikhara Towers |
1670,inside:Vajrayogini+Ugratara in yab-yum, off-set towers: focusses Sv. on Kathmandu |
|
4 |
Stupa |
Stupa 14.cent, five niches with animals of Buddhas+eyes 17cent,associat.with Naga cult |
|
5 |
Hariti (Sitala) Temp. |
bldg 18.cent, Licchavi site of Buddh.Hariti T. later Sitala (Hindu goddess for pocks!) |
|
6 |
Buddha Shakyamuni |
9/10 cent or a 1619 copy ! |
|
7 |
Licchavi Stupa |
9.cent monolith, Buddhas: 5/6 cent |
|
8 |
Shantipur |
mysterious Build. on old Rain(Naga) sanctuary, dating of sculptures questionable |
|
9 |
new Tibetan Gompa |
|
Changu Narayan, Statues in Temple Yard
1 |
Garuda Narayan T. |
site <600,pres.bldg.1708, copy of Pashupatinath |
|
2 |
Tempel of a devi |
||
3 |
column (partly sunk) |
5.cent inscript. King Manadeva’s |
|
4 |
Garuda |
5./6.cent once on top of 3 |
|
5,6 |
2 Garudasana Vishnu |
9.cent, Vishnu on Garuda (=image in T.) |
|
7 |
Vishnu,Lakshmi, Garuda |
10.cent relief in a wall |
|
8 |
Vishnu Vikrantha |
9.cent relief! at horse fest V. as dwarf tricks King Bali to give him World + Underworld, Lakshmi+Garuda watch |
|
9 |
Vishvarupa Vishnu many-bodied Vishnu |
9.cent 10-head.V.on Ananta underworld snake, fem.earth +2 nagas sup. feet V.’s |
|
10 |
Narasimha |
13.cent, V’s lion-form, Lakshmi+Garuda |
|
11 |
B. L. Malla Shrine |
1695 King and Queen kneel., widow outside (1704) |
Kirtipur
Well preserved medieval city. Possibly oldest settlement in valley singular hill-side setting.
1 |
Uma Maheshvara T. |
1673 Shiva+Parvati in poor cond. View! |
|
2 |
Bagh Bhairava T. |
16 cent. Bhairava as Tiger without tongue, exc. wood carvings, murals, 4.cent fig. mother devi, 6.cent Shiva stat. in front of temple |
|
3 |
Chilandeo Stupa |
1509 large Stupa |